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Software Vault: The Gold Collection
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Software Vault - The Gold Collection (American Databankers) (1993).ISO
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102_01.zip
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BG.C
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1993-06-03
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786 lines
/*
Backgammon...finally, some"one" else to play against than just
my girlfriend, who hates to lose! (but then, so do I...and this
program doesn't do too bad a job at keeping me honest)
Modified for BDS C by Leor Zolman, 2/82
*/
#include <bdscio.h>
#define H19 1 /* true if to be run on H19 terminal */
#define NIL (-1)
#define MAXGMOV 10
#define MAXIMOVES 1000
char level; /*'b'=beginner, 'i'=intermediate, 'e'=expert*/
int die1;
int die2;
int i;
int j;
int l;
int m;
int count;
int red[31];
int white[31];
int probability[13];
int imoves;
int goodmoves[MAXGMOV];
int probmoves[MAXGMOV];
struct {
int pos[4];
int mov[4];
} moves[MAXIMOVES];
exinit()
{
int i;
setmem(externs(), endext() - externs(), 0);
red[1] = white[1] = 2;
red[12] = white[12] = 5;
red[17] = white[17] = 3;
red[19] = white[19] = 5;
probability[0] = 0;
probability[1] = 11;
probability[2] = 12;
probability[3] = 13;
probability[4] = 14;
probability[5] = 15;
probability[6] = 16;
probability[7] = 6;
probability[8] = 5;
probability[9] = 4;
probability[10] = 3;
probability[11] = 2;
probability[12] = 1;
}
main()
{
int t,k,n,go[5];
char c, s[MAXLINE];
int i;
int first; /* true on first move only */
int mywins, hiswins;
printf("\n\nWelcome to BACKGAMMON!\n");
nrand (0,"Do you need instructions? ");
if(tolower(getchar())=='y')
instructions();
else puts("\n\n");
mywins = hiswins = 0;
printf( "Choose the level of your oppponent:\n");
printf( "Type 'b' for beginner, or 'i' for intermediate,\n");
printf( "or anything else to play an expert... ?");
level='e';
if((c = tolower(getchar()))=='b') level='b';
else if(c=='i') level='i';
printf( "\n\nI'll play white, and you'll play red.\n\n");
newgame:
exinit();
first = 1;
go[5]=NIL;
printf("Let's throw the dice to see who goes first:\n");
throw: roll();
printf("I throw: ");
sleep(15);
printf("%d, and you throw: ",die1);
sleep(15);
printf("%d ... ",die2);
sleep(15);
if (die1 == die2) {
printf("Tied up, so let's try again:\n");
goto throw;
}
printf("%s go first...\n\n", die1 > die2 ? "I" : "You");
if (die2 > die1) goto nowhmove;
whitesmv:
if (!first) roll(); /* skip roll on first move */
order();
first = 0; /* after this, not first roll anymore */
#if H19
printf( "\nWhite rolls \33p %d,%d \33q... ",die1,die2);
#else
printf( "\nWhite rolls %d,%d ... ",die1,die2);
#endif
if (!chkmov(white,red)) {
printf("White has no moves. Foo.\n");
goto nowhmove;
}
printf( "White's move is: ");
if(nextmove(white,red)==NIL)goto nowhmove;
if(piececount(white,0,24)==0) {
printf( "\7White wins!\n");
printf("\nGame score: Me: %d, You: %d\n",++mywins,hiswins);
if (mywins == hiswins)
printf("All tied up! Who's gonna pull ahead?\n");
else if (mywins > 2 && !hiswins)
printf ("It's about time you managed to win a game!\n");
else switch(nrand(1) % 5) {
case 4:
case 0: printf("Aren't you ashamed? You've been beaten ");
printf("by a computer...\n");
break;
case 1: printf("Not bad for a dumb program, eh?\n");
break;
case 2: printf("Better luck next time, sucker....\n");
break;
case 3: printf("Maybe you'd better stick to checkers?\n");
break;
}
goto again;
}
nowhmove:
prtbrd();
if (!first) roll(); /* skip roll on first move */
first = 0; /* after this, not 1st roll anymore */
retry:
order();
#if H19
printf( "Your roll is \33p %d, %d \33q ... ",die1,die2);
#else
printf( "Your roll is %d,%d ... ",die1,die2);
#endif
if (!chkmov(red,white)) {
printf("Sorry, you have no possible moves.\n");
printf("Type any key to let me make my next move: ");
getchar();
goto whitesmv;
}
printf("your move? ");
while (!kbhit()) nrand(1); /* Exercize the random generator while */
gets(s); /* waiting for a move to be made... */
if (ignore_sp(s) == '?' || ignore_sp(s) == 'h') {
puts("\nType either a list of moves, separated by spaces, or:\n");
puts(" q -- to quit the current game\n");
puts(" b -- to see the board\n");
puts(" ? -- to see these options (h does the same thing)\n");
puts("Do you want to see the long instructions? ");
if (tolower(getchar()) == 'y') instructions();
puts("\n");
goto retry;
}
if (ignore_sp(s) == 'q') { /* check for quit command */
puts("Are you sure you want to quit? ");
if (tolower(getchar()) == 'y') goto again;
putchar('\n');
goto retry;
}
if (ignore_sp(s) == 'b') { /* check for print board command */
prtbrd();
goto retry;
}
/* check for null move */
if( ignore_sp(s) != '-' && !isdigit(ignore_sp(s))) {
printf("You MUST make a move!\n");
goto retry;
}
for (i = 0; s[i]; i++) /* convert commas to spaces */
if (s[i] == ',') s[i] = ' ';
n=sscanf(s,"%d%d%d%d%d",&go[0],&go[1],&go[2],&go[3],&go[4]);
if( (die1 != die2 && n > 2) || n > 4) {
printf( "You've made too many moves;\n");
goto retry;
}
if( ((die1 != die2) && n < 2) || ((die1 == die2) && n < 4)) {
if (n == cntred()) goto moveok;
printf("Are you sure you can't make all the moves? ");
if (tolower(getchar()) != 'y') {
printf("\nOK, then let's try it again:\n");
goto retry;
}
putchar('\n');
}
moveok: go[n]=NIL;
if(*s=='-'){
go[0]= -go[0];
t=die1;
die1=die2;
die2=t;
}
for(k=0; k<n; k++) {
if(0<=go[k] && go[k]<=24)continue;
else{
printf( "Sorry, move %d is illegal.\n",go[k]);
goto retry;
}
}
if(play(red,white,go))goto retry;
if(piececount(red,0,24)==0){
printf( "\n\7Red wins.\n");
printf("\nGame score: Me: %d, You: %d\n",mywins,++hiswins);
if (mywins == hiswins)
printf("Looks like now we're dead even...tiebreaker time!\n");
else if (hiswins > 2 && !mywins)
printf("See? I'm not THAT stupid after all!\n");
else switch(nrand(1) % 5) {
case 0: printf( "Congratulations! You've just defeated a ");
printf( "dumb machine.\n");
break;
case 1: printf("Sigh...at least I put up a good fight, eh?\n");
break;
case 2: printf("Darn....I'll get you next time, human!\n");
break;
case 3: printf("Mumble...those unlucky rolls will do it ");
printf("every time!\n");
break;
case 4: printf("Not bad... for a dumb human!\n");
}
again: printf("\nWould you like to play another game? ");
if (tolower(getchar()) != 'y') exit();
printf("\n\n");
goto newgame;
}
goto whitesmv;
}
char ignore_sp(s) /* return first non-whitespace char at s: */
char *s;
{
char c;
while (isspace(c = *s++));
return tolower(c);
}
play(player,playee,pos)
int *player,*playee,pos[];
{
int k,n,die,ipos;
for(k=0;k<player[0];k++){ /*blots on player[0] must be moved first*/
if(pos[k]==NIL)break;
if(pos[k]!=0){
printf( "\nPiece on BAR (position 0) must be moved first\n");
return(-1);
}
}
for(k=0;(ipos=pos[k])!=NIL;k++){
die=k?die2:die1;
n=25-ipos-die;
if(player[ipos]==0)goto badmove;
if(n>0 && playee[n]>=2)goto badmove;
if(n<=0){
if(piececount(player,0,18)!=0)goto badmove;
if((ipos+die)!=25 &&
piececount(player,19,24-die)!=0)goto badmove;
}
player[ipos]--;
player[ipos+die]++;
}
for(k=0;pos[k]!=NIL;k++){
die=k?die2:die1;
n=25-pos[k]-die;
if(n>0 && playee[n]==1){
playee[n]=0;
playee[0]++;
}
}
return(0);
badmove:
printf( "Move %d is not legal. Enter all moves again:\n",ipos);
while(k--){
die=k?die2:die1;
player[pos[k]]++;
player[pos[k]+die]--;
}
prtbrd();
return(-1);
}
cntred() /* count up number of red's pieces */
{
int i, count;
for (count = 0, i = 0; i < 25; i++) count += red[i];
return count;
}
chkmov(player,playee) /* return true if player has possible move */
int *player, *playee;
{
int k;
imoves=0;
movegen(player,playee);
if(die1!=die2) {
k = die1; die1 = die2; die2 = k;
movegen(player,playee);
k = die1; die1 = die2; die2 = k;
}
return imoves;
}
nextmove(player,playee)
int *player,*playee;
{
int k;
if(die1!=die2){
k=die1; die1=die2; die2=k;
}
k=strategy(player,playee); /*select kth possible move*/
prtmov(k);
update(player,playee,k);
return(0);
}
prtmov(k)
int k;
{
int commaf;
int n;
int i;
commaf = 0;
if(k==NIL)printf( " No move possible\n");
else for(n=0;n<4;n++) {
if(moves[k].pos[n]==NIL)break;
if (commaf) putchar(',');
i = 25-moves[k].pos[n];
if (i == 0 || i == 25)
printf( " BAR (%d)",moves[k].mov[n]);
else
printf( " %d (%d)",i,moves[k].mov[n]);
commaf = 1;
}
putchar('\n');
}
update(player,playee,k)
int *player,*playee,k;
{
int n,t;
for(n=0;n<4;n++){
if(moves[k].pos[n]==NIL)break;
player[moves[k].pos[n]]--;
player[moves[k].pos[n]+moves[k].mov[n]]++;
t=25-moves[k].pos[n]-moves[k].mov[n];
if(t>0 && playee[t]==1){
playee[0]++;
playee[t]--;
}
}
}
piececount(player,startrow,endrow)
int *player,startrow,endrow;
{
int sum;
sum=0;
while(startrow<=endrow)
sum+=player[startrow++];
return(sum);
}
roll()
{
int temp;
die1=(nrand(1)>>8)%6+1;
die2=(nrand(1)>>8)%6+1;
}
order() /* place the two dice in descending order */
{
int temp;
if (die1 < die2) { /* first die always bigger */
temp = die1;
die1 = die2;
die2 = temp;
}
}
movegen(mover,movee)
int *mover,*movee;
{
int k;
for(i=0;i<=24;i++){
count=0;
if(mover[i]==0)continue;
if((k=25-i-die1)>0 && movee[k]>=2)
if(mover[0]>0)break;
else continue;
if(k<=0){
if(piececount(mover,0,18)!=0)break;
if((i+die1)!=25 &&
piececount(mover,19,24-die1)!=0)break;
}
mover[i]--;
mover[i+die1]++;
count=1;
for(j=0;j<=24;j++){
if(mover[j]==0)continue;
if((k=25-j-die2)>0 && movee[k]>=2)
if(mover[0]>0)break;
else continue;
if(k<=0){
if(piececount(mover,0,18)!=0)break;
if((j+die2)!=25 &&
piececount(mover,19,24-die2)!=0)break;
}
mover[j]--;
mover[j+die2]++;
count=2;
if(die1!=die2){
moverecord(mover);
if(mover[0]>0)break;
else continue;
}
for(l=0;l<=24;l++){
if(mover[l]==0)continue;
if((k=25-l-die1)>0 && movee[k]>=2)
if(mover[0]>0)break;
else continue;
if(k<=0){
if(piececount(mover,0,18)!=0)break;
if((l+die2)!=25 &&
piececount(mover,19,24-die1)!=0)break;
}
mover[l]--;
mover[l+die1]++;
count=3;
for(m=0;m<=24;m++){
if(mover[m]==0)continue;
if((k=25-m-die1)>=0 && movee[k]>=2)
if(mover[0]>0)break;
else continue;
if(k<=0){
if(piececount(mover,0,18)!=0)break;
if( (m+die2) != 25 &&
piececount(mover,19,24-die1)!=0)break;
}
count=4;
moverecord(mover);
if(mover[0]>0)break;
}
if(count==3)moverecord(mover);
else{
mover[l]++;
mover[l+die1]--;
}
if(mover[0]>0)break;
}
if(count==2)moverecord(mover);
else{
mover[j]++;
mover[j+die1]--;
}
if(mover[0]>0)break;
}
if(count==1)moverecord(mover);
else{
mover[i]++;
mover[i+die1]--;
}
if(mover[0]>0)break;
}
}
moverecord(mover)
int *mover;
{
int t;
if(imoves>=MAXIMOVES)goto undo;;
for(t=0;t<=3;t++)
moves[imoves].pos[t]= NIL;
switch(count){
case 4:
moves[imoves].pos[3]=m;
moves[imoves].mov[3]=die1;
case 3:
moves[imoves].pos[2]=l;
moves[imoves].mov[2]=die1;
case 2:
moves[imoves].pos[1]=j;
moves[imoves].mov[1]=die2;
case 1:
moves[imoves].pos[0]=i;
moves[imoves].mov[0]=die1;
imoves++;
}
undo:
switch(count){
case 4:
break;
case 3:
mover[l]++;
mover[l+die1]--;
break;
case 2:
mover[j]++;
mover[j+die2]--;
break;
case 1:
mover[i]++;
mover[i+die1]--;
}
}
strategy(player,playee)
int *player,*playee;
{
int k,n,nn,bestval,moveval,prob;
n=0;
if(imoves==0)return(NIL);
goodmoves[0]=NIL;
bestval= -32000;
for(k=0;k<imoves;k++){
if((moveval=eval(player,playee,k,&prob))<bestval)continue;
if(moveval>bestval){
bestval=moveval;
n=0;
}
if(n<MAXGMOV){
goodmoves[n]=k;
probmoves[n++]=prob;
}
}
if(level=='e' && n>1){
nn=n;
n=0;
prob=32000;
for(k=0;k<nn;k++){
if((moveval=probmoves[k])>prob)continue;
if(moveval<prob){
prob=moveval;
n=0;
}
goodmoves[n]=goodmoves[k];
probmoves[n++]=probmoves[k];
}
}
return(goodmoves[(nrand(1)>>4)%n]);
}
eval(player,playee,k,prob)
int *player,*playee,k,*prob;
{
int newtry[31],newother[31],*r,*q,*p,n,sum,first;
int ii,lastwhite,lastred;
*prob=sum=0;
r=player+25;
p=newtry;
q=newother;
while(player<r){
*p++= *player++;
*q++= *playee++;
}
q=newtry+31;
for(p=newtry+25;p<q;) *p++ = 0; /*zero out spaces for hit pieces*/
for(n=0;n<4;n++){
if(moves[k].pos[n]==NIL)break;
newtry[moves[k].pos[n]]--;
newtry[ii=moves[k].pos[n]+moves[k].mov[n]]++;
if(ii<25 && newother[25-ii]==1){
newother[25-ii]=0;
newother[0]++;
if(ii<=15 && level=='e')sum++; /*hit if near other's home*/
}
}
for(lastred=0;newother[lastred]==0;lastred++);
for(lastwhite=0;newtry[lastwhite]==0;lastwhite++);
lastwhite=25-lastwhite;
if(lastwhite<=6 && lastwhite<lastred)sum=1000;
if(lastwhite<lastred && level=='e'
&& lastwhite>6){ /*expert's running game.
First priority to get all
pieces into white's home*/
for(sum=1000;lastwhite>6;lastwhite--)
sum=sum-lastwhite*newtry[25-lastwhite];
}
for(first=0;first<25;first++)
if(newother[first]!=0)break; /*find other's first piece*/
q=newtry+25;
for(p=newtry+1;p<q;)if(*p++ > 1)sum++; /*blocked points are good*/
if(first>5){ /*only stress removing pieces if homeboard
cannot be hit
*/
q=newtry+31;
p=newtry+25;
for(n=6;p<q;n--)
sum += *p++ * n; /*remove pieces, but just barely*/
}
if(level!='b'){
r=newtry+25-first; /*singles past this point can't be hit*/
for(p=newtry+7;p<r;)
if(*p++ == 1)sum--; /*singles are bad after 1st 6 points
if they can be hit*/
q=newtry+3;
for(p=newtry;p<q;)sum-= *p++; /*bad to be on 1st three points*/
}
for(n=1;n<=4;n++)
*prob += n*getprob(newtry,newother,6*n-5,6*n);
return(sum);
}
instructions()
{
printf( "\n\n");
printf( "To play backgammon, type the numbers of the points\n");
printf( "from which pieces are to be moved. Thus, if the\n");
printf( "roll is '3,5', typing '2 6' will move a piece\n");
printf( "from point 2 three spaces to point 5,\n");
printf( "and a piece from point 6 forward to\n");
printf( "point 11. If the moves must be made in the\n");
printf( "opposite order, the first character typed must\n");
printf( "be a minus ('-'). Thus, typing\n");
printf( "'-2 6' moves the piece on point 2\n");
printf( "by 5, and the piece on point 6 by 3.\n");
printf( "If you want to move a single piece several times,\n");
printf( "the sequence of points from which it is to be\n");
printf( "moved must be typed. Thus '14 17' will move\n");
printf( "a piece from point 14 to point 17 and thence to\n");
printf( "to point 22.\n");
printf( "Instead of entering a move, you can instead type:\n");
printf( " q to quit the game, or\n");
printf( " b to print the board again.\n\n");
printf( "\nType any key to continue instructions: "); getchar();
printf( "\nIf a double is rolled, you should type four numbers.\n");
printf( "Red pieces that have been removed from the board by\n");
printf( "being hit by white are on point 0 and\n");
printf( "must be brought in before any other move can be made.\n");
printf( "White pieces that are hit are removed to point 25.\n");
printf( "You will not be allowed to make an illegal move, or\n");
printf( "to make too many moves. However, if you make too\n");
printf( "few moves, the program does not care. In particular\n");
printf( "you may skip your turn by typing a 'new-line'\n");
printf( "all by itself.\n\n");
}
getprob(player,playee,start,finish)
int *player,*playee,start,finish;
{ /*returns the probability (times 102) that any
pieces belonging to 'player' and lying between
his points 'start' and 'finish' will be hit
by a piece belonging to playee
*/
int k,n,sum;
sum=0;
for(;start<=finish;start++){
if(player[start]==1){
for(k=1;k<=12;k++){
if((n=25-start-k)<0)break;
if(playee[n]!=0)sum += probability[k];
}
}
}
return(sum);
}
prtbrd()
{
int k;
printf( "\nWhite's Home (mine)\n"); /* first line */
for(k=1;k<=6;k++) /* top label line */
printf( "%4d",k);
printf( " ");
for(k=7;k<=12;k++)printf( "%4d",k);
putchar('\n' );
for(k=1;k<=54;k++)putchar('_' ); /* delimiter line */
putchar('\n' );
numline(red,white,1,6); /* numbers line */
printf( " ");
numline(red,white,7,12);
putchar('\n' );
colorline(red,'R',white,'W',1,6); /* letters line */
printf( " ");
colorline(red,'R',white,'W',7,12);
putchar('\n' );
if(white[0]!=0)printf( "%28dW\n",white[0]); /* white's bar */
else putchar('\n' );
if(red[0]!=0)printf( "%28dR\n",red[0]); /* red's bar */
else putchar('\n' );
colorline(white,'W',red,'R',1,6); /* letters line */
printf( " ");
colorline(white,'W',red,'R',7,12);
putchar('\n' );
numline(white,red,1,6); /* numbers line */
printf( " ");
numline(white,red,7,12);
putchar('\n' );
for(k=1;k<=54;k++)putchar('_' ); /* delimiter line */
putchar('\n' );
for(k=24;k>=19;k--)printf( "%4d",k); /* bottom label line */
printf( " ");
for(k=18;k>=13;k--)printf( "%4d",k);
printf( "\nRed's Home (yours)\n\n"); /* last line */
}
numline(upcol,downcol,start,fin)
int *upcol,*downcol,start,fin;
{
int k,n;
for(k=start;k<=fin;k++){
if((n=upcol[k])!=0 || (n=downcol[25-k])!=0)
#if H19
if ((upcol[k] && upcol == red) ||
(downcol[25-k] && downcol == red))
if (n < 10)
printf(" \33p%1d\33q",n);
else
printf(" \33p%2d\33q",n);
else
printf("%4d",n);
#else
printf("%4d",n);
#endif
else printf( " ");
}
}
colorline(upcol,c1,downcol,c2,start,fin)
int *upcol,*downcol,start,fin;
char c1,c2;
{
int k;
char c;
for(k=start;k<=fin;k++){
c=' ';
if(upcol[k]!=0)c=c1;
if(downcol[25-k]!=0)c=c2;
#if H19
if (c == 'R')
printf(" \33p%c\33q",c); /* make 'R' reverse video */
else
#endif
printf(" %c",c);
}
}